Lung Cancer (폐암), also known as Lung carcinoma is a malignant Lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the Lung. If left untreated, this growth can spread beyond the lung by the process of Metastasis into nearby tissue or other parts of the body. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lung_cancer)

Category and incidence #

• Small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC, 소세포암) - 14% (tabacco!)
• Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC, 비소세포암)
  • Squamous cell carcinoma (편평상피세포폐암) - 20% (tabacco!!)
  • Adenocarcinoma (폐선암) - 38%
  • Large cell carcinoma (대세포폐암) - 3%

Multistep lung cancer model (classic) #

1. Normal epithelium
   • <- 9p and 3p losses
2. Hyperplasia
   • <- 17p loss
3. Mild dysplasia
   • <- Telomerase activation
4. Moderate dysplasia
   • <- p53 mutation and VEGF overexpression
5. Server dysplasia
   • <- p16 inactivation, BCL2 overexpression
6. In situ carcinoma
   • <- Cyclin D1 and E overexpression
7. Invasive carcinoma

Adenocarcinoma Molecular pathology - target #

• KRAS mutations (prevalence: 20-25%) - no FDA-approved target therapy
• EGFR mutations (prevalence: 10-15%) Asian에 특히 많음 - Gefitinib, Erlotinib
• ALK rearrangements (prevalence: 5-7%) - Crizotinib
• ROS1 gene fusiosn (prevaleuce: 1-2%) - Crizotinib, Foretinib
• BRAF - Dabrafenib, Vemurafinib (not well established)
• PIK3CA - Buparlisib (in development)
• Other less common gene mutation &/or amplifications: HER2, RET, MET, DDR2, IGF1R, FGFR, NTRK1

논문 #

• LCE: an open web portal to explore gene expression and clinical associations in lung cancer Oncogene 2018-12-07

관련정보 #

• 폐선암⟶소세포폐암 변화, 세계 첫 규명 2017-06-07: EGFR 변이 폐선암 환자 4명 표적치료 전후 종양조직 WGS 후 비교 분석 결과, 소세포폐암으로 변환된 환자는 치료 전후 조직 모두에서 TP53과 RB1이 완전히 비활성화 되어있음
• 폐암 EGFR·ALK 동시 억제 치료물질 개발 2017-05-10: EGFR, ALK 동시 억제 치료 물질 개발

Incoming Links #

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