PI3K #
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Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K, also called Phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases, PI 3-kinases, PI3Ks, PI(3)Ks, or PI-3Ks) are a family of enzymes involved in cellular functions such as Cell growth, Cell proliferation, Cell differentiation, motility, survival and intracellular trafficking, which in turn are involved in Cancer. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoinositide_3-kinase)

The pathway, with Oncogene PIK3CA and Tumor suppressor gene PTEN, is implicated in insensitivity of cancer tumors to Insulin and IGF1, in Calorie restriction.

About 30% of Breast cancer have gain-of-function mutations involving the alpha-isoform of the PI3K catalytic subunit.

Loss of PTEN activates PI3K activity.

Classes in human

class 1 catalytic
- PIK3CA: PI3K, catalytic, alpha polypeptide
- PIK3CB: PI3K, catalytic, beta polypeptide
- PIK3CG: PI3K, catalytic, gamma polypeptide
- PIK3CD: PI3K, catalytic, delta polypeptide
class 1 regulatory
- PIK3R1: PI3K, regulatory subunit 1 (alpha)
- PIK3R2: PI3K, regulatory subunit 2 (beta)
- PIK3R3: PI3K, regulatory subunit 3 (gamma)
- PIK3R4: PI3K, regulatory subunit 4
- PIK3R5: PI3K, regulatory subunit 5
- PIK3R6: PI3K, regulatory subunit 6
class 2
- PIK3C2A: PI3K, class 2, alpha polypeptide
- PIK3C2B: PI3K, class 2, beta polypeptide
- PIK3C2G: PI3K, class 2, gamma polypeptide
class 3
- PIK3C3: PI3K, class 3

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