Linearity (선형, 선형성) is the property of a mathematical relationship or function which means that it can be graphically represented as a straight line. Examples are the relationship of voltage and current across a resistor (Ohm's law), or the mass and weight of an object. Proportionality implies linearity, but linearity does not imply proportionality. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linearity)

수학적으로,

• additivity: \( f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y) \)
• homogeneity of degree 1: \( f(\alpha x) = \alpha f(x) \)

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